When I’ve needed to transfer data over to a new disk, I’ve used gparted from a live usb to copy/paste partitions directly. Once that’s done, you’ll probably need to update /etc/fstab to point to the new drives and run update-grub
(assuming you are using grub) to update the bootloader config.
Only if you have the correct args and device names. Make a backup if you want to do it from the command line and aren’t feeling 100% confident.